近乎全盜版
3月5日 星期四 06:30(星島日報 報道)

全球下載音樂,幾乎全部盜版!這是多麼震撼的數字。提出這數字的是國際唱片業協會(IFPI),IFPI在總結二○○八年全球音樂業狀況時,指全球仍有百分之九十五的下載音樂屬盜版。這個比例與二○○七年差不多,難怪唱片業界和藝人叫苦連天。

  不過,雖然如此,二○○八年全球數碼音樂銷售出現大幅成長,IFPI指二○○八年網路音樂營收(包括手機及其他形式)增長了百分之二十五,達三十七億美元 。這數字佔唱片業整體營收百分之二十,較二○○七年增長了百分之五。

  可惜的是,上升的只是數碼音樂銷售額,二○○八年全球音樂總銷售下滑了百分之七。即是說數碼音樂銷售額上升無法彌補CD銷量的下跌。

  在美國 CD銷售更出現大幅下降,美國二○○八年CD銷售下滑了百分之二十。原因是經濟衰退及盜版猖獗。各位看官,留意留意,美國CD銷量下跌是因為——盜版猖獗!

  美國的音樂銷售有近百分之四十屬數碼形式,美國數碼音樂銷售佔全球總銷售一半。而蘋果Apple綫上音樂商店iTunes的增長也放緩了。iTunes在二○○八上半年與下半年銷售的數碼音樂數量差不多,無增長,但二○○七下半年卻比上半年有顯著的成長。iTunes去年同意不再防止音樂檔案被複製,即是放棄音樂數碼鎖DRM。放棄了DRM後,歌曲銷量無增長。這些數字令人感到悲觀。二○○八年尚且如此,飽受金融海嘯打擊的二○○九年看來會更差矣。

Muziic–真的可以繞過版權許可?
2009/3/13 作者: Terry

Muziic是提供一項免費線上音樂點播的新服務。Muziic通過對Youtube音樂視頻庫的索引,將導航和搜索體現的更富有音樂特徵,之後通過Muziic用戶端實現免費線上播放和編碼(試用時Encode功能沒能實現,應該是將視頻轉碼為mp3檔的作用)。要說這些功能,也並沒多少出彩之處。就說編碼為Mp3吧,這樣的軟體也有,線上Vidtomp3工具則更強大,不僅支持Youtube還支持Myspace等數十個含視頻的網站。



Muziic



Muziic號稱是完全的合法音樂服務,從表面來看,它的音樂源均來自Youtube,與其他外部引用的方式沒有本質的差別。或許可以這麼理解,Youtube從唱片公司和版權公司獲得的授權既然能Cover到使用者博客引用音樂視頻,那麼Muziic的引用應當也在授權範圍內。問題在於Youtube與版權所有者的授權合作是建立在Youtube的視頻廣告和頁面廣告分賬基礎上的,而Muziic用戶端預設將視頻視窗縮小到可被忽視的尺寸,那麼這些播放所產生的廣告價值也等於不存在了。那麼唱片公司和Youtube還會支持這種完全寄生於它們的服務嗎?

類似的模式其實早在韓國的Qbox服務中就已經出現過,只不過Qbox更偏向來自於Myspace和Bebo的音樂社區資源。

數位音樂版權許可目前來說對唱片公司和版權公司來說已經是一項不可忽視的收入源,然而從這些例子我們也能看到版權許可方式存在的問題也在阻礙著數位音樂的創新和發展。前些在國際某音樂論壇上,有業內人士也提出該如何改進版權許可的方式以適應數位音樂的發展,他還舉例如果按傳統的版權劃分,僅一項線上音樂點播服務就得獲得8項不同的版權授權。




有關音樂版權的總結(一)
2003/3/16 作者: Terry

最近有些朋友在MSN上問起關於數位音樂版權的問題,在MSN上也往往難系統的解釋清楚部分問題。今天就簡單整理一下,希望能對需要瞭解的朋友有所説明。



唱片公司與音樂出版公司

在談及版權之前,首先需要瞭解音樂產業中兩個最主要的角色:唱片公司與音樂出版公司(或叫版權公司)。

唱片公司也就無需多解釋了,它們的業務主要是開發和推廣歌手,並為歌手製作錄音製品,所以唱片公司會在錄音製品中獲得版權。

版權公司的業務則主要是開發詞曲作者、推銷歌曲和版權管理。在傳統唱片領域,音樂出版公司與詞曲作者簽約,作者便將作品版權轉讓給版權公司,獲得的版稅雙方共用,按常規會是5/5模式。

像我們常說的“四大”就指的是四大唱片公司,Warner、Sony&BMG、Universal和EMI而版權公司另有四大,Warner Chappell、Sony/ATV、Universal MGB和EMI Music Publishing。



worldroyalties



(全球音樂版稅徵收的流程)

數位音樂版權及版稅

基於上述的產業模式,數位音樂服務在獲得版權授權的時候應當需要得到唱片公司與音樂出版公司的共同授權才算是真正合法的服務,而不僅僅是唱片公司的授權就成。通常我們稱唱片公司的授權的權利為鄰接權,而版權公司的授權權利為著作權

現在數位音樂應用範圍主要也就無線(Mobile)和互聯網(Internet)領域,在這些領域中的各類服務如彩鈴(來電答鈴)(RBT)、振鈴(Ringtone)、線上點播(online on-demand)、下載(Download)和訂閱(Subscription)都需要獲得鄰接權和著作權的授權。每一項具體服務在授權形式和版稅核算上也不完全相同,例如線上點播,不管服務方是否採用付費還是收費,版權方會要求按單次播放來計算版稅。下載則往往有限制零售最低價,之前還有DRM的限制要求。

而實際上版權所有方在數位音樂領域由於缺乏對傳播管道的控制力以及可監測的數位版稅分賬體系,尤其在中國版權所有方就往往會採用保底(Advance,也即預付版稅)結合版稅分賬的方式來授權。這也構成了對數位音樂服務提供者獲得版權授權的巨大資金負擔。當然這也有例外,像版權所有方直接授予給中國移動的彩鈴等應用,就只是採用了版稅分賬的模式。

在數位音樂版稅方面,大多是服務提供方和版權所有方自行約定,這可能也是制約數位音樂創新的一個重要因素。因為大多創新服務並不具備足夠的談判資本,在與版權所有方的對話過程中容易處於弱勢地位。

在具體的版稅分帳方面,著作權和鄰接權的比例也不同。相對而言,鄰接權的版稅要占更高的比例,著作權版稅比例一般不會超過總體版稅的1/4,大多在1/5左右。



More Get Their Music Fix On Social Networks
2009/3/18

Social networks Highlights of a new NPD Group study:

  • Underscoring the increasing importance of sites like MySpace for music discovery, 19% of those surveyed said they listen to music through social networking sites, up 4% from a year ago.

  • Almost half of US teens listen to music on social networks up from 37% in 2007. Among college-age fans the percentage rose to 41% from 30% the previous year.

  • The number of U.S. consumers buying CDs fell by 17M in 2008.

  • The decline in CD purchases was most prevalent among teens and consumers 50 and over.

  • The number of people purchasing digital music increased by more than 8 million in 2008 to 36 million.

  • Digital music download purchases increased 29% in 2008 over '07 and now account for 33% of all tracks purchased in the US.

  • Many consumers said they were spending less on entertainment as a result of the recession.

  • Many said they were turning to digital downloads as a way to buy individual tracks, rather than having to purchase an entire album.

  • All of these trends are evidence of the continued transformation of the music industry.


  • Create A Business Plan
    2009/3/19
    In our second of five excerpts from the new book Reality Check - A Common Sense Guide to Breaking into the Music Industry, author Matthew Walt, a booking agent who has seen first hand why some bands succeed and others fail, examines the importance of creating a business plan for your musical endeavor.

    Business plans Just because the career about which you dream happens to be in entertainment, this does not imply in any way, shape, or form that basic principles of business do not apply. It’s called the music business, and it requires a serious commitment to both—the music and the business. Of course, the music itself is a given—no one need be reminded of that—but all too often artists forget (or ignore) the fact that establishing one’s business requires equal attention, and to that end, I strongly advise creating a business plan.

    The plan needn’t be elaborate—at least not at first—nor does it need to be formatted in any “textbook” sort of way. As long as you document what you are trying to do, separating the art from the business so that you may chart the course of your development and the sale of your product, that is a satisfactory first step in the formation of a company (which is effectively what you will become).

    Start by identifying who you are and what you represent. Note your sound and your style; to whom you compare yourself and why; how you fit into the landscape of the music industry as you know it; and what you believe makes you worth people’s while.

    Next, establish some basic goals and objectives—what you wish to achieve and how. Goals and objectives are essential to any business plan, even if you are having trouble identifying yourself. So, if need be, start here and worry about my prior suggestion later (as long as you address it in time). Think globally, act locally is a term you’ve probably heard before. You’ve got a big dream, perhaps a global vision in mind—but in order to make that dream a reality you’ll have to start with what you know and build your business incrementally from there. Remember, before you sell ten million records you’ll need to sell ten. Yes, just ten—to people who are neither good friends nor family. Even that is an accomplishment, a small victory in itself, for anyone who is just getting going—much like ten thousand is to someone who is starting to catch their stride.

    A conventional business in the twenty-first century builds its plan around four primary areas. They are:

    • Finance: the development and management of a budget

    • Marketing: product, place, promotion, price, and branding

    • Operations: how your business will function and what it will need to do so

    • Information Technology: Web presence, e-commerce, and related maintenance needs, as well as your computer hardware and software


    Once you’ve established your business plan, you may chart a course of action you can manage—one which follows a linear sequence and results in small measurable successes you can see. This will give you the confidence that you can do it on your own. Just be realistic and make sure your goals are reasonable. Realistic expectations is a term you’ll hear over and again. Take your time, when you have to, in order to avoid skipping steps. Overnight success is unlikely, so you may as well do things right. Don’t waste time—that won’t help you—you’d only be cheating yourself. Be prepared for a long, slow ascent. As long as you’re moving forward you will get wherever you are going.

    Reality check cover

    You can purchase Matthew Walt's Reality Check - A Common Sense Guide to Breaking into the Music Industry as either an e-book or paperback here.




    SpiralFrog Shuts Down
    20093/20

    SpiralFrogFinalLogo.jpg. Ad supported music service SpiralFrog went dark yesterday. The company's limited assets have been surrendered to creditors.

    SpiralFrog, like other ad supported music services, began life stunted by major label liscening demands. Then once finally birthed it failed to gain traction with consumers Spiral frog hand bothered by a combination of ads and restrictive DRM required by the labels.

    Upheavel in a contentious executive suite hurt Spiral Frog. But bad timing and the economy did the most to quicken its demise before experimentation with the business model could ever occur. SpiralFrog was also hit by a "a macro-economic perfect storm" a source close to the company told CNet. A devesated global economy along with "the collapse of the capital markets" and "rapid compression of the ad markets" were too much to overcome, said the source.

    Ad supported music may be down, but is far from out. Some like the scrappy WE7 are always experimenting and streaming sites like imeem and Spotify are gaining real favor with both fans and the labels.



    廣告支持論者的遺憾
    2009/3/22 作者: Terry
    廣告支援的音樂免費下載服務SpiralFrog在這周由於經營不善而被迫關閉。這一備受矚目的音樂服務的關閉,相信對於業界持有“音樂應該是免費的,可以通過廣告收益來支撐服務”論調的人來說是不小的遺憾。

    SprialFrog採用含有DRM的音樂免費P2P下載模式,包含了主流唱片公司的曲庫。在08年4月曾列於美國最熱門的10大多媒體網站中。SprialFrog截止目前上線運行僅一年多時間。從Compete的資料顯示,在2008年5月達到月訪問美國用戶350萬獨立IP,之後就直線下滑。


    2009-03-21_234945


    要說SprialFrog的失敗,應該不外乎兩大主要原因:1.DRM保護限制了用戶的使用,也就限制了其用戶的增長;2.其在音樂版權授權的成本高達數百萬美元,廣告成本不足以Cover其成本。或許是SprialFrog生不逢時,它誕生沒多久即碰上主流的音樂商店紛紛開始放棄DRM,接著又碰上一個寒冷的冬季。問題都還是老問題。其餘的廣告支援音樂服務目前像imeemwe7…看來日子也並不好過,能不能捱過這個冬天還真不好說。




    大冬瓜 - 黎諾懿和李逸朗
    2009/3/15
    《大冬瓜》主題曲由黎諾懿和李逸朗共同演繹。《大冬瓜》(英文:The Winter Melon Tale),香港電視廣播有限公司古裝特技電視劇。此劇是繼《十兄弟》和《搜神傳》後,第三部以非時裝特技為題材之劇集,《大冬瓜》將于3月9日首播。《大冬瓜》集合了多位演技精湛、系出同門的演員,包括陳錦鴻、蘇玉華、劉玉翠等,故彼此默契極佳!《大冬瓜》故事梗概:灶君座下的范統(廖啟智飾),個性滑稽,乃是貪吃神仙一名。一次范統誤吃王母的蟠桃冬瓜盅,從此被罰封在大冬瓜之內。五百年后,范統為凡人鐘碧玉(蘇玉華)解封,本以為可重返天庭,卻發現仙法不靈。范統向土地打聽,方知自己先要報恩,才可以回歸天庭。于是范統決定化作凡人,混入碧玉家中,以圖報恩,卻發現凡人遇到的問題困難,往往連神仙亦束手無策。

    作曲︰葉肇中
    填詞︰周永恆
    主唱︰李逸朗、黎諾懿

    邊個話我傻 請佢食燒鵝
    邊個話我傻 請佢食燒鵝

    大冬瓜 誇啦啦啦
    啦住冬瓜仔 發現好多計仔
    冬瓜女 靚到人人都想娶 仲有隻變色龍佢最鍾意捉蟲
    烏鴉嘴 流到成面都口水
    怕醜草 執到寶 寶寶抱抱
    抱著冬菇頭個頭D樓 (慳番D銀兩唔使買樓啦)

    塵世裡 需要愛 人間故事總有愛
    塵世裡 多競賽 民間結局需記載
    塵世裡 需要愛 人間故事總有愛
    塵世裡 多競賽 民間結局多障礙

    其實以我大冬瓜嚟睇 做神仙真係好似冇乜計仔
    又要索又要博 對唔住
    係人要博妖要索 仲要食燒鵝
    俾人話我傻 (你傻㗎)
    真係邊個再話我傻 我就真係走去請佢食燒鵝
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